#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream> //just include iostream.h for VS 6 and earlier
using namespace std; //necessary for visual studio .net

char cardNames[13][32] = {
	"two",
	"three",
	"four",
	"five",
	"six",
	"seven",
	"eight",
	"nine",
	"ten",
	"jack",
	"queen",
	"king",
	"ace"
};

char cardSuits[4][32] = {
	"clubs",
	"spades",
	"hearts",
	"diamonds"
};

char cardValues[13] = {
	2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,10,10,10,11
};

void CardToString(int card)
{
	cout<<cardNames[card%13]<<" of "<<cardSuits[card/13]<<endl<<flush;
}

class cPlayer
{
public:
	int playerCards[52]; //the cards the player has
	int bet,money;
	int hasDoubled;

	cPlayer()
	{
		money = 100; //start with 100 dollars to bet with
		ClearHand();
	}

	void ClearHand()
	{
		for(int j=0;j<52;j++)
			playerCards[j]=0;

		bet = 0;
		hasDoubled = -1;	// < 0 indicates not doubling
	}

	void ShowHand()
	{
		int j,k;
		for(j=0;j<52;j++)
			for(k=0;k<playerCards[j];k++)
				CardToString(j);
	}

	void TakeCard(int c)
	{
		playerCards[c%52]++;
	}

	void PlaceBet(int n)
	{
		bet = n;
	}

	bool Has10()
	{
		int j,k;

		for(k=0;k<4;k++)
			for(j=8;j<12;j++)
				if(playerCards[k*13+j]>0)
					return true;
		return false;
	}

	bool HasAce()
	{
		int k;

		for(k=0;k<4;k++)
			if(playerCards[k*13+12]>0)
				return true;
		return false;
	}

	int HandValue()
	{
		int j;
		int value = 0;
		int numAces = 0;
		for(j=0;j<52;j++)
		{
			if((j+1)%13!=0)  //aces have special handling
				value+=playerCards[j]*cardValues[j%13];
			else
				numAces+=playerCards[j];
		}

		if(hasDoubled > 0)	//if the player has doubled, and had at least one ace
		{
			value += (hasDoubled);	//all aces for double have value of 1 (11.3)
			numAces -= hasDoubled; //remove them from the count
		}
		
		if(numAces >= 1)	//if we have at least one ace
			if(value + 11 + numAces - 1 <=21) //and can make it 11 without busting
			{
				value+=11;		//use the ace as an 11
				numAces--;
			}
		value+=numAces;			//use the remaining aces as 1 each

		return value;
	}

	//virtual functions can be overwritten by derived classes
	//we'll set the default behavior for hitting to the dealer rules
	virtual bool Hit()
	{
		if(HandValue()<17)	//dealer stays on 17 and over, otherwise hits
			return true;
		return false;
	}

	//dealer never doubles
	virtual bool Double()
	{
		return false;
	}
};

class cDealer: public cPlayer
{
public:
	cDealer() //initialize the class with the base constructor
	{
		cPlayer();
	}
};

class cHuman: public cPlayer
{
public:
	cHuman() //initialize the class with the base constructor
	{
		cPlayer();
	}

	bool Double()
	{
		char input = ' ';
		cout<<"Would you like to double? y or n"<<endl<<flush;
		cin>>input;

		if(input=='n' || input == 'N')
			return false;

		int k;
		hasDoubled = 0;		//flag that we've doubled (also stores number of aces)
		for(k=0;k<4;k++)
			hasDoubled += playerCards[k*13+12]; //add up the number of aces the player has
		return true;
	}

	bool Hit()
	{
		int curHand = HandValue();
		if(curHand<12)
		{
			if(curHand>=9)
			{
				if(Double())
				{
					cout<<"Player has DOUBLED!"<<endl<<flush;
					bet *= 2;		//double our bet
					return true;
				}
			}
			else
				return true;
		}

		char input = ' ';
		cout<<"Would you like to hit? y or n"<<endl<<flush;
		cin>>input;

		if(input=='n' || input == 'N')
			return false;

		return true;
	}
};

void main()
{
	bool valid = false; //this indicates a valid selection by the user

	int numDecks = 0; //this keeps track of the number of decks we're playing with
	int deckOfCards[52]; //this is the deck we will be drawing cards from
	
	int numPlayers = 2;
	cPlayer ** players = new cPlayer*[numPlayers];	//our players (player 0 is always the dealer)

	int bet; //temp bet variable
	int card; //temp card variable

	int j=0,k=0;	//our generic loop counter variables

	players[0] = new cDealer();
	for(j=1;j<numPlayers;j++)
		players[j] = new cHuman();

	while (!valid)
	{
		cout<<"How many decks would you like to play with? (3,4,6,8)"<<endl<<flush;
		cin>>numDecks;

		if( numDecks<9 && ((numDecks%3)==0 || (numDecks%4)==0))
			valid=true;
		else
			cout<<"That is an invalid selection."<<endl<<flush;
	}
	cout<<"You have selected to use "<<numDecks<<" decks."<<endl<<flush;

	/*****************
	This is where the game will loop 
	when playing multiple hands
	*****************/
	bool done = false;
	while (!done)
	{
		srand(GetTickCount()); //randomize the timer based on the tickcount

		//fill up our deck with all the cards
		for(j=0;j<52;j++)
			deckOfCards[j]=numDecks;

		//initialize the players
		players[0]->ClearHand();
		players[1]->ClearHand();

		//take bets
		for(j=1;j<numPlayers;j++)
		{
			bet = -1;
			while(bet<0)
			{
				cout<<"How much would you like to bet,  player "<<j<<"?"<<endl<<flush;
				cin>>bet;
			}
			players[j]->bet = bet;
			cout<<"Player "<<j<<" has bet $"<<bet<<endl<<flush;
		}

		//initial deal
		//deal each player, including the dealer, two cards
		for(k=0;k<2;k++)
			for(j=0;j<numPlayers;j++)
			{
				valid = false;
				while(!valid)
				{
					card = rand()%52;
					if(deckOfCards[card]>0)
					{
						deckOfCards[card]--;
						valid=true;
					}
				}
				if(j+k==0)
				{
					cout<<"Dealer is showing a ";
					CardToString(card);
					cout<<endl<<flush;
				}
				players[j]->TakeCard(card);
			}

		//actual game play
		for(j=1;j<numPlayers;j++)
		{
			//check to see if player has blackjack
			if(players[j]->HandValue()==21)
			{
				cout<<"BLACKJACK for Player "<<j<<"!"<<endl<<flush;
				if(players[0]->Has10() || players[0]->HasAce())
				{
					if(!players[0]->HasAce())
					{//dealer has a 10, pay out 1:1
						players[j]->money+=players[j]->bet;
						cout<<"Dealer has a 10 but no ace, player wins $"<<players[j]->bet<<endl<<flush;
					}
					else
					{
						//dealer has an ace, player must wait for dealer to play for pay out
						cout<<"Dealer has an ace, player must wait."<<endl<<flush;
					}
				}
				else
				{//dealer doesn't have an ace or 10 so pay out 3:2 (round up)
					players[j]->money+=(players[j]->bet*3.0/2.0+0.5);
					cout<<"Dealer has no ace or 10, player wins $"<<(players[j]->bet*3.0/2.0+0.5)<<endl<<flush;
				}
			}
			else		
			{
				cout<<"Player "<<j<<" has the following hand:"<<endl<<flush;
				players[j]->ShowHand();
				cout<<"Player "<<j<<" has "<<players[j]->HandValue()<<endl<<flush;

				//continue dealing cards until the player says stop or doubles
				//on a double, deal only one additional card (rule 11.1)
				//*IMPORTANT* you must check the double condition first
				//exercise for the reader: why?
				while(players[j]->hasDoubled < 0 && players[j]->Hit())
				{
					valid=false;
					while(!valid)
					{
						card = rand()%52;
						if(deckOfCards[card]>0)
						{
							deckOfCards[card]--;
							players[j]->TakeCard(card);
							valid=true;
						}
					}
					cout<<endl<<flush;
					cout<<"Player "<<j<<" has the following hand:"<<endl<<flush;
					players[j]->ShowHand();
					cout<<"Player "<<j<<" has "<<players[j]->HandValue()<<endl<<flush;
					cout<<endl<<flush;
				}
			}
		}

		//dealer's turn
		if(players[0]->HandValue()==21)
		{
			// if the dealer has blackjack then dealer beat all
			// rule 11.5 states they only recieve original bet from players that doubled
			for(j=1;j<numPlayers;j++)
				if(players[j]->hasDoubled > -1)		//if a player has doubled
					players[j]->bet /= 2;			//restore original bet amount
			cout<<"Dealer has BLACKJACK!"<<endl<<flush;
		}
		else
			while(players[0]->Hit())
			{
				valid=false;
				while(!valid)
				{
					card = rand()%52;
					if(deckOfCards[card]>0)
					{
						deckOfCards[card]--;
						players[0]->TakeCard(card);
						valid=true;
					}
				}
			}

		//final tally to see who wins and loses
		j=0;
		//store this to simplify
		int playerValue, dealerValue = players[j]->HandValue();

		cout<<"Dealer has the following hand:"<<endl<<flush;
		players[j]->ShowHand();
		cout<<"Dealer has "<<dealerValue<<endl<<flush;
		cout<<endl<<flush;
		
		
		for(j=1;j<numPlayers;j++)
		{
			playerValue = players[j]->HandValue();

			cout<<"Player "<<j<<" has "<<playerValue<<endl<<flush;
			
			players[j]->ShowHand();
			cout<<endl<<flush;

			if(playerValue<=21) //see if player breaks
			{
				//if the dealer broke or the player
				//scored higher (ties go to dealer)
				if(dealerValue > 21 || playerValue > dealerValue) 
				{
					players[j]->money+=players[j]->bet;
					cout<<"Player WINS!"<<endl<<flush;
				}
				else
				{
					players[j]->money-=players[j]->bet;
					cout<<"Player LOSES!"<<endl<<flush;
				}
			}
			else
			{
				players[j]->money-=players[j]->bet;
				cout<<"Player LOSES!"<<endl<<flush;
			}
			cout<<"Player "<<j<<" has $"<<players[j]->money<<endl<<flush;
		}
		char input = ' ';
		cout<<"Would you like to play another hand? y or n"<<endl<<flush;
		cin>>input;

		if(input=='n' || input == 'N')
			done = true;
	}

	//end of the game
	for(j=0;j<numPlayers;j++)
		delete players[j];
	delete [] players;

}